1 Historically, the forms of incarcerating dungeons embodied the places of terror, disease, and corruption. The birth of modern imprisonment facilities started with a series of penal reforms in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England. Because of bad maintenance and lack of segregation, many inmates died of infectious diseases such as gaol fever. The prisons in this period functioned as dungeons and detention facilities where inmates were held until their trial or the actual punishment.
Before the seventeenth century, the punishment of the criminals was usually in the form of corporal punishment that was intended to cause public humiliation, including whipping, branding, hanging, and the stocks and pillory. To better understand modern prisons built in the Japanese colonial period in Taiwan, it is first necessary to trace back to its origin–the modern penal development in the progress of Western Modernization. Prison reforms in Euro-American modernization Using the Chiayi Prison as a primary case study, this paper examines the surrounding urban formation, architectural creation, and spatial effects of the prison and how it attempted to achieve the moral correction of the prisoners.ġ.1.
Then it gives a comparative analysis of the three major prisons in colonial Taiwan. This paper firstly offers a summary of how the modernization of prisons developed in Euro-American countries and then how it was introduced to Japan and its colonies. Completed in 1921, the Chiayi Prison is the only existing Japanese-built radial-plan prison in Taiwan, of which the built form and spatial arrangement reflect how the authority disciplined the inmates. The Japanese-built colonial prisons were characterized by their adaptation of Western-style prison typology, which signified the successful transfer of multiple aspects of modernity from the West, first to an eastern nation and then to its colonies. Prison construction was among the most important infrastructural developments introduced into Taiwan by the Japanese colonial regime in the late nineteenth century.
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